Megawati, Megawati and Bahlawan, Ash Shiddieqy Bahlawan and Triwibowo, Bayu and Oktaviana, Lina Sahar and Utami, Anis Budi (2023) Production of Liquid Soap from Castor Oil and VCO with the Addition of Sorghum Tannins and Lemongrass Essential Oil as Anti-Bacterial Ingredients. Proceedings of the 6th Mechanical Engineering, Science and Technology International conference (MEST 2022). pp. 391-398. ISSN 2352-5401

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Abstract

A good quality of soap must be able to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria on the skin; therefore, it is necessary to add anti-bacterial ingredients such as lemongrass essential oil and tannins. The aim of this study is to produce liquid soap from castor oil and VCO with the addition of lemongrass essential oil and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) tannins. The effect of adding anti-bacterial ingredients was examined based on the quality and characteristics of the produced soap. The volume of anti-bacterial ingredients (tannins and lemongrass oil) was added using variation of 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5; and 4 mL. The quality and characteristics of the soap were examined using several parameters, namely pH, amount of foam, free alkali content, specific gravity, anti-bacterial activity, and organoleptic analysis. The volume of active ingredients being added will influence quality of the liquid soap. The results of the study indicated that the best conditions for making liquid soap was achieved when applying 4 mL of active ingredients, which resulted in liquid soap with a pH of 9.33 and 9.39, free alkali content of 0.0102 and 0.0163%, specific gravity of 1.059 and 1.071 respectively with active ingredients of sorghum tannins and lemongrass oil. Lemongrass oil is better at inhibiting bacteria than sorghum tannins. Correspondingly, the orga-noleptic results indicated that soap with the addition of lemongrass oil was better when compared to theaddition of sorghum tannins. Liquid soap with the addition of lemongrass oil is transparent yellow in color, smells refreshing, produces more foam and is very comfortable to use. Therefore, liquid soap resulting from this study is safe to use because it complies with SNI 06–4085-1996.

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