Langlang Handayani, 0402614004 (2020) KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR ANALOGI PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS KEBUDAYAAN. Doctoral thesis, UNNES.

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Abstract

Analogical thinking skill plays an important role in primary school. When students think analogically, they use their choices, experiences, and previous knowledge that are closely related to their cultural background. Banyumas is one of the cultural regions in Central Java which has unique characteristics. This dissertation discusses three problem formulations, namely what are the characteristics of the Banyumas culture that lay behind the primary school students’ analogical thinking; what are the characteristics of the primary school students’ Banyumas culture-based analogical thinking skills; and what is the role of culture in analogical thinking process of the students with Banyumas cultural background. This descriptive qualitative approach research was conducted by focusing on the analogical thinking process of science concepts with the targets of electric current, magnet properties, light properties and plant motion, which is carried out by students at primary school level with the background of Banyumas culture. The research subjects were 106 sixth graders in the Banyumas cultural area, who were determined based on the origin of their parents, the students’ place of birth from the area around the school and the reasons for the ease of communication and ownership of all target materials. The schools were selected because they were located in remote areas and well�established. The data refered to the culture-based analogical thinking skill of students with a focus on the form of ideas, activities / actions and products. The data were in the form of reasoning patterns, sources of analogy ideas and types of analogies in the form of presentation formats and analogical relationships as well as the cultural background of students. Data were sourced from students, parents, teachers, society, cultural experts, and related literature, which were collected through researchers, test, interviews, observation, and document review. The validity of the data was tested through the triangulation process of methods, sources, and theories. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed that the characteristics of the Banyumas culture that lay behind students in primary school in analogical thinking rested on the cablaka and egalitarian values used by the community in the local area and were actualized in various aspects of life. Furthermore, the characteristics of students 'analogical thinking skill that were focused on the cultural forms which consist of ideas, activities / actions and products indicated that the students' reasoning pattern when thinking analogically was deductive. The background for the emergence of analogy ideas was obtained by students from several sources, namely humans, materials, messages, environment, and personal experiences through direct and indirect interactions, in formal activities at school and informal ix ones at home and surroundings. The location of the interaction is not fixed but can change even with the same source. Additionally, the verbal presentation format and the functional analogical relationship between analog and target were more dominantly used by students. The Banyumas culture which gives role to the analogical thinking process carried out by students was in the form of cablaka and egalitarian values as well as overall knowledge about experiences related to analog and target, and the language as a means of communication. The cablaka and egalitarian values system acts as a guide in behaving and acting to analogize the target material, while the knowledge system places its role in the analogical thinking process in its function as a symbolic system to meet the needs of students, namely learning needs, especially in terms of analogizing scientific concepts

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