Sri Maryati , 2201412051 (2016) COHESION IN STUDENTS’ SPEECHES (The Case of the Third Semester English Language Students of UNNES). Under Graduates thesis, Universitas Negeri Semarang.

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Abstract

Speech is a spoken text which is produced by a speaker before an audience. A text has textuality to express the property of being text which is formulated into seven criteria. Cohesion is the first criterion which is very important because it is the links that hold text together and give it meaning. The purpose of this study are to identify whether the speeches produced by the third semester students are cohesive or not and to describe the kinds of cohesive devices found in the speeches. The object of this study is the speeches produced by the third semester students of English Department, which then were transcribed into written. The data collected were analyzed qualitatively using cohesive devices based on Halliday and Hasan’s theory (1976). They are reference (personal, demonstrative and comparative), substitution (nominal, verbal and clausal), ellipsis (nominal, verbal and clausal), conjunction (additive, adversative, causal, temporal and others), and lexical cohesion (reiteration and collocation). The findings show that there are 1040 ties found in the ten speeches chosen. It reveals that the five types of cohesive devices occur in the speeches although the distribution of each type is significantly different. Lexical cohesion is most frequently used in the speeches which occurs 588 cases (56.54), and then followed by reference which is 223 cases (21.44%). The use of conjunction is 197 cases (18.94%) which is higher than the occurrences of substitution which occur 19 cases (1.82%) and the occurrences of ellipsis which is 13 cases (1.25%). However, there is one subtype of cohesion which is not found within the speeches. It is verbal ellipsis because the item which usually used to express the device cannot be found. Since there are many cohesive devices found in the speeches, it can be concluded that the ten speeches are cohesively produced. In addition, all of five types and sub-types of cohesion are found in the speeches except verbal ellipsis.

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