ATIK HIDAYAH, 220140604 (2011) Cohesive Devices in English Speeches Made by the Participants of Speech Contest in ESA WEEK 2009. Under Graduates thesis, Universitas Negeri Semarang(UNNES).

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Hidayah, Atik. 2010. Cohesive Devices in English Speeches Made by the Participants of Speech Contest in ESA WEEK 2009. Final Project, English Department, Faculty of Arts and Languages, Semarang State University. 1st advisor: Dr. Djoko Sutopo, M.Si. 2nd advisor: Sri Wuli Fitriati, S.Pd, M.Pd Key Words: Discourse, text, cohesive devices, tie, texture, chain. Discourse analysis is the study of language in use. In making a unified discourse it is essential to pay attention to the use of cohesive devices which functions to provide the relationships among the elements in the discourse. This final project intends to analyze the cohesive devices in the speeches made by the participants of ESA WEEK speech contest 2009. This final project aimed at analyzing to what extent are the speeches cohesive, how the speakers of speech contest structure their speeches through the use of cohesive devices and what cohesive device are frequently used. The object of the study is the speeches produced in the contest, which then are transcribed into written form. The data collected are analyzed qualitatively using cohesive devices based on Halliday and Hasan’s theory (1976). They are reference (personal, demonstrative and comparative), substitution (nominal, verbal and clausal), ellipsis (nominal, verbal and clausal), conjunction (additive, adversative, causal, temporal and others), and lexical cohesion (reiteration and collocation). From the data analysis, it was found 732 cohesive ties. Among five types of cohesive devices the most frequently used is lexical cohesion which occurred in 414 cases (56.5%). The second most is the use of reference which is 161 cases (22%). The use of conjunction is 131 cases (18%). It is higher than the occurrences of ellipsis 21 cases (2.8%). Substitution is rarely used in the speeches of conjunction. It is only 5 cases (0.8%). Moreover, two subtypes of cohesion are not found within the speeches. They are verbal substitution and verbal ellipsis. The result of the analysis shows that speeches are produced cohesively since there are many cohesive ties found. It comes to a conclusion that the speeches constitute as cohesive discourse although the occurrences of each type of cohesive devices has different proportion in the discourse.

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• Cohesive Devices in English Speeches Made by the Participants of Speech Contest in ESA WEEK 2009. (deposited 18 Nov 2011 00:26)
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