Nugrahaningsih, WH Elaeocarpus grandiflorusinduced immunoglobulin G activity on B Cell Receptor (BCR) Pathway. Biology Department Universitas Negeri Semarang.

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Abstract

Immune system is important factor to prevent virus attacks such as Covid 19. Elaeocarpus grandiflorus contains active compounds including flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols and tannins. The main flavonoids found in E. grandiflorus are kaempferol, quercetin, procyanidin, naringin, orientin, iso orientin, vitexin, isovitexin, rutin, luteolin and epicatechin. Kaempferol and quercetin show their role in anti-inflammatory and immune system enhancement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of E. grandiflorus leaf extract on the immunoglobulin G activity of rat induced by sheep red blood cells. A total of 25 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. A suspension of ethanol extract of E. glandiflorus leaves was given on day 1-7 with a concentration of 0.04% w/v (P1), 0.08% w/v (P2), 0.16% w/v (P3), Na.CMC 1% w/v (Neg control) and mix herbal immunostimulant (positive control). On day 7 the rat was intraperitoneally injected 1 mL 2% v/v sheep red blood cells as antigen. The blood was taken from the orbital vein on day 12. The IgG activity was examined by agglutination test. The average of agglutination titers was 3.77 (neg control), 3.89 (pos control), 3.77 (P1), 3.65 (P2) and 4.61 (P3). By the statistics analyzed only P3 group that showed the difference. Increased IgG activity due to E. grandiflorus extract can occur through the B Cell Receptor (BCR) pathway. This pathway involved 5 proteins: CD22, HRAS, PIK3R1 and GSK3B and AKT1. It can be concluded that the extract of E. grandiflorus has the potential to be developed as an immunostimulant.

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