Muhsiung Chang, - and Mei-Shan Chan, - and Ren-Chung Huang, - and Togani C. Upomo, - and Rini Kusumawardani, FT Teknik Sipil (2020) Assignment of Groundwater Table in Liquefaction Analysis of Soils. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. pp. 3-18.

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Abstract

This paper discusses the issue and potential influences of miss�assignment of groundwater table in the analysis of soil liquefaction. In viewing that the groundwater table (GWT0) during subsurface exploration or testing for evaluating cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) of soils is sometimes mistakenly assumed the same as the groundwater table (GWT) for computing cyclic stress ratio (CSR) due to seismic shaking, the results of liquefaction analysis may thus be erroneous. If the GWT0 is assigned higher than the actual level, the CRR and the associated factor of safety (FL), would be overly predicted. Alternatively, if the GWT0 is assigned lower than its actual one, theCRRandFL would be underestimated. If the groundwater table during exploration or testing is mistakenly assigned the same as the groundwater table for computing cyclic stress ratio (i.e., GWT0 = GWT; or “one-groundwater-table, OGT, scenario”), then the variation in the groundwater tables will lead to the changes in CRR and CSR in the same sense. Owing to differ�ent rates of change, however, the computed factor of safety (FL = CRR/CSR), and the associated liquefaction potential index (LPI), may sometimes result in an unexpected situation. Namely, a rise in the groundwater tables would cause an unanticipated increase in the computed factor of safety and a decrease in the associated liquefaction potential index. Based on results of current study with assumption of OGT scenario, the LPI could be reduced by 10–30% if GWT0 is 3 m higher than the actual level; or alternatively, the LPI would be increased by 5–45% if GWT0 is 3 m lower than the actual one

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