Mintarsih Arbarini, FIP Pendidikan Luar Sekolah Be Critical! Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills through Project Based Learning in Social Studies. Project Report. Book Shore International, Semarang.

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Abstract

Social science is a multidisciplinary field consisting of many disciplines from the social sciences, arts, and humanities (Duke, Halvorsen, Strachan, Kim, & Konstantopoulos, 2021; Ting, Cheng, & Ting, 2021). One of the majors that develop science in the social field is the Department of Out-of-school Education. This department is one of the study programs at the State University of Semarang that produces academicprofessional education personnel who can apply science and technology in the management of educational institutions and programs and empower communities outside the school education system, both in quality and relevance to the development of the need (Suryono, 2016). To answer the needs of alumni competence, realize its alumni's abilities in the field of non-formal education. The Early Childhood Education Management course was developed. This course focuses on studying the basic concepts of Early Childhood Education management, Early Childhood Education Management functions, partnerships in Early Early Childhood Education management issues/problems by paying attention to and applying the social values of the humanities. Currently, higher education is required to carry out educational practices that are not focused on learning materials but involve the World of Industry and the World of Work. Therefore, education is becoming more focused on improving critical thinking skills to solve problems that occur in the real world through lecture projects (Aránguiz, Palau-Salvador, Belda, & Peris, 2020; Boss & Krauss, 2007). The development of the 21st century as a world transition period (shifting era) has caused massive changes in almost every line of life, especially in learning. The development of technology and industry causes humans to adapt to the new paradigm of thinking Society 5.0 (Kim, Raza, & Seidman, 2019; Maida, 2011). Higher education must meet current needs to anticipate emerging trends and challenges ahead. The Industrial Revolution gradually caused changes in the social field, and, in a real sense, learning was influenced by each significant change that occurred (Herbert, 2009). Therefore, students must be prepared to face the effects of change. Skills in scientific inquiry, critical thinking, scientific applications, and engineering applications are needed as self-competence to face new situations and problems (Mutakinati, Anwari, & Yoshisuke, 2018). Project-Based Learning (PjBL) focuses on course project-based learning that can help students (1) identify and work to overcome problems, needs, or opportunities in the institution/community; (2) carry out investigations, propose and explore environmental issues about the world near us; (3) use critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaborative skills; (4) explore authentic issues and problems; and (5) taking action based on data (Nell K, Anne L, & Stephanie L. Strachan, 2016). Students create and present project-based assignments outside of the traditional classroom (delivery of teacher-centered instruction in lectures to students as recipients of information) then link what they learn to real-world applications (Mutakinati et al., 2018).

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